Nkuko byatangajwe na Banki y’Isi , Abantu benshi batuye muri Afurika yo munsi y’ubutayu bwa Sahara babeshwaho n’amafaranga bohererezwa n’imiryango yabo iba mu mahanga.
Ariko, kohereza aya mafaranga azwi nka “remittances” muri Afurika yo munsi y’ubutayu bwa Sahara birahenze cyane kurusha ahandi hantu hose ku isi.
Mu myaka ya vuba aha, hari kompanyi nyinshi za tekinoloji y’imari (fintech) zashinzwe n’Abanyafurika, zigamije kugabanya ayo mafaranga y’itike no guhangana n’isoko rinini ryari risanzwe rigenzurwa n’ibigo bikomeye nka Western Union na MoneyGram.
Hari inyungu nyinshi cyane zishobora kuboneka, mu gihe kohereza amafaranga muri Afurika byagabanuka, harimo nko kwiyongera kw’amafaranga y’amanyamahanga yinjira kuri uyu mugabane n’ibindi.
Mu mwaka wa 2023, amafaranga yoherejwe muri Afurika yo munsi y’ubutayu bwa Sahara yari afite agaciro ka miliyari $54.
Aya mafaranga yagize uruhare rurenga 1/5 cy’umusaruro mbumbe w’ibihugu (GDP) birimo Gambiya, Lesoto, n’Ikirwa cya Komore, ndetse arenga 1/10 cya GDP muri Liberiya, Cape Verde, na Gineya-Bisawu.
Ni mu gihe mu gihugu cya Kenya aya mafaranga afite agaciro kurusha ayo cyunguka avuye mubyo cyohereza mu mahanga (Exports).
Icyakora ngo ibipimo bihari bikunze kwerekana imibare iri hasi ugereranyije n’ukuri, kubera ko hari amafaranga menshi atandikwa, naho andi akohererezwa binyuze mu nzira zitazwi.
Christian Kingombe, umwe mu bayobozi b’ikigo 4IP group itanga inama ku ishoramari rifite ingaruka nziza ku mibereho y’abaturage, akaba yarankoranye na Banki Nyafurika Itsura Amajyambere (BAD) avuga ko impamvu aya mafaranga adacika ari uko yabaye isoko y’iterambere ku bihugu byinshi bya Afurika.
Ati “”Si uko gusa amafaranga yoherezwa mu bihugu bifite ubukungu buciriritse aruta ishoramari ry’amahanga n’inkunga z’ibigo by’ubutwererane (byombi bikubiye hamwe), ahubwo n’ibyabaye nk’ihame ko ayo mafaranga adacika, kuko abeshi bayafata nk’ isoko y’iterambere rifitiye agaciro gakomeye ibihugu byabo”.
Andy Jury, Umuyobozi Mukuru wa kompanyi nini yohereza amafaranga muri Afurika yashinzwe n’umushoramari wo muri Zimbabwe asobanura ko Abanyafurika baba mu bihugu by’amahanga bakwiye kwiga uko bajya bohereza amafaranga bifashishije ikoranabuhanga aho kuyohereza bakoresheje uburyo bufatika.
Nicolai Eddy, Umuyobozi Mukuru wungirije wa NALA, kompanyi y’ikoranabuhanga yo muri Tanzaniya yohereza amafaranga mu bihugu 11 bya Afurika, ikaba yarakusanyije miliyoni $40 z’ishoramari umwaka ushize, we ahamaya ko urubyiruko rwo rwatangiye kwitabira uburyo bw’ikoranabuhanga.
Ubushakashatsi banki y’Isi, yashyize ahagaragara mu gihembwe cya kabiri cya 2024, bugaragaza ko kohereza amafaranga muri Afurika yo munsi y’ubutayu bwa Sahara bitwara byibura uwohereje agaciro kangana n’8.37% mu gihe mu majyepfo y’Ubuhinde ari 5.53.
Naho Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe na Visa bwagaragaje ko 12% by’abakiriya bayo ku isi bagikoresha iposita bohereza amafaranga mu buryo bw’ama-cash, sheki, n’ibindi.
