Ku Isi yose, umutekano w’Umushumba wa Kiliziya Gatolika ni ikintu cy’ingenzi, kikaba cyarashyizwe mu biganza by’ingabo zidasanzwe zizwi nka Swiss Guard.
Aba ni abasirikare barinda Papa, bazwiho ikinyabupfura (discipline) gikomeye, umwambaro wa gakondo ushimishije n’ubunyamwuga budasanzwe.
Ariko se, ni bande ? Bakora bate? Batoranywa bate? Muri iyi nkuru, ICK News yagukusanyirije amateka yabo, uko batoranywa n’uburyo buhambaye bakoramo akazi kabo.
Mu mateka yabo, bagize ibihe bikomeye birimo intambara yiswe Sack of Rome mu 1527, aho abashinzwe umutekano ba Papa barwanye kugeza ku wa nyuma barengera Papa Clément VII. Icyo gihe, benshi muri bo bishwe, ariko akazi kabo karakomeje kugeza uyu munsi.
Amateka y’abashinzwe umutekano wa Papa
Igitekerezo cyo kugira abashinzwe umutekano wa Papa cyatangiye kera, icyakora ku wa Ku wa 22 Mutarama 1506, nibwo umutwe wa mbere w’abasirikare 150 b’Abasuwisi wageze i Roma ku itegeko rya Papa Julius II kugira ngo barinde Papa n’inyubako za Vatikani.
Icyo gihe, Abasuwisi bari bazwiho ubushobozi bwo kurwana, ubudahemuka no kuba abahanga mu gukoresha intwaro ari nabyo byatumye Papa ahitamo Abasuwisi.
Mu mateka yabo, bagize ibihe bikomeye birimo intambara yiswe Sack of Rome mu 1527.
Iyi ntambara yabaye ku itariki ya 6 Gicurasi 1527, ubwo ingabo z’Umwami w’abami, Charles V, zateraga Vatikani. Aba basirikare barindaga Papa bari bake ugereranyije n’ingabo zari zibateye, ariko barwanye bashikamye kugira ngo barinde Papa Clément VII.
Muri uru rugamba, abasirikare ba ‘Swiss Guard’ barenga 147 barishwe, ariko babashije gutanga uburyo bwo guhungisha Papa anyuze mu cyiswe Passetto di Borgo, inzira y’ibanga ihuza Ingoro ya Papa na n’inyubako ifatwa nk’umutamenwa ya ‘Castel Sant’Angelo’.
Iyi nyubako Papa yahungishirijwemo yubatswe bwa mbere nka mausoleum (ahashyingurwaga abami) n’Umwami Hadrian mu kinyejana cya 2 nyuma ya Yezu, hanyuma iza kuvugururwa kugira ngo ijye ikoreshwa na Papa nk’ahantu ho guhungira mu bihe by’amakuba.
Ni inyubako iherereye ku nkombe z’Umugezi wa Tiber hafi ya Bazilika ya Mutagatifu Petero i Vatikani. Ubu ni inzu ndangamurage isurwa cyane n’abakunzi b’amateka n’ubugeni.
Nubwo icyo gihe Vatikani yasahuwe ndetse n’abasirikari barindaga Papa bakicwa, ubu bwitange bw’abarindaga Papa bwatumye urwego rwabo rurushaho kwizerwa no guhabwa agaciro kugeza ubwo Papa Clément VII, afata umwanzuro ko nta bandi bashobora kurinda Papa uretse Abasuwisi.
Uko batoranywa
Si buri wese ushobora kuba umwe mu barinda Papa. Hari ibisabwa bikomeye bigenderwaho kugira ngo wemererwe kuba umwe mu bashinzwe umutekano wa Papa.
Ushaka kwinjira muri iri tsinda asabwa kuba ari umusuwisi kavukire, kuba ari umugabo ufite hagati y’imyaka 19 na 30, kuba ari ingaragu, kuba ari Umukirisitu Gatolika w’intangarugero, kuba afite uburebure nibura bwa 1.74m, kuba yarakoreye igisirikare cy’u Busuwisi, kuba afite imyitwarire myiza, nta byaha yigeze akora, no kuba afite byibura impamyabushobozi y’amashuri yisumbuye.
Abujuje ibi bisabwa, bandika basaba kwinjira muri Suiss Guard hanyuma abemerewe bagahabwa amahugurwa akarishye mu bijyanye n’umutekano, imyitozo ya gisirikare, gukoresha intwaro gakondo n’iza kijyambere, ndetse no kwiga indimi zitandukanye, cyane cyane Igitaliyani.
Umubare ntarengwa w’Abasuwisi barinda Papa (Swiss Guard) ni 135.
Ubusanzwe, uyu mutwe ugizwe n’ Umugaba mukuru (Commander-in-Chief), Umuyobozi wungirije (Vice-Commander), Abasirikare bakuru (Sergeants, Corporals, Lieutenants, etc.), n’Abasirikare bato (Halberdiers).
Uko bakora akazi kabo
Abashinzwe umutekano wa Papa bafite inshingano zitandukanye, zirimo; kurinda Papa igihe ari i Vatikani no mu ngendo ze zo hanze, kurinda ibice by’ingenzi by’i Vatikani, cyane cyane Ingoro ya Papa, gutanga icyubahiro mu birori n’ibikorwa bya Papa, gukorana n’izindi nzego z’umutekano za Vatikani n’iz’igihugu cy’u Butaliyani.
Imyambaro yabo isanzwe yihariye, irimo ibara rya orange, ubururu n’umutuku, bavuga ko yaturutse ku munyabugeni Michelangelo.
Umu-Suiss Guard wambaye uyu mwambaro akenshi aba afite intwaro gakondi zirimo inkota, icumu n’utwuma tw’itumanaho
Icyakora iyi myambaro bayambara mu birori gusa kuko mu kazi gasaba guhura n’ibibazo bikomeye, bambara imyenda ya gisirikare isanzwe, amakoti ndetse bakaba banafite intwaro zigezweho.
Muri rusange abasirikare ba ‘Swiss Guard’ bagira igihe ntarengwa bamara (mandat). Ubusanzwe, bamara byibura imyaka ibiri mu kazi, ariko bashobora kongera igihe kugera ku myaka myinshi mu gihe babishaka.
Kuba aba basirikare bagira manda y’imyaka ibiri, ni kimwe mu mpamvu tariki ya 6 Gicurasi buri mwaka, Papa ayobora umuhango wo kurahiza abashya, bikanajyana no kwibuka bagenzi babo 147 bishwe barwanira Papa Clément VII mu 1527.
Uyu muhango wo kwakira indahiro z’abasirikare bashya uba ugamije gusimbura abarangije igihe cyabo kuko hari abasoza manda yabo y’imyaka 2 cyangwa barambiwe bakiyemeza gutaha no kuba hari abasezera kubera impamvu zitandukanye zirimo gushaka, kujya mu bundi buzima, cyangwa gutangira indi mirimo.
