Nubwo amategeko y’umurimo mu Rwanda asaba ko buri mukozi agira amasezerano y’akazi amurinda akarengane n’ibindi bibazo ashobora guhura nabyo mu kazi, ubushakashatsi bwo mu 2023 bwakozwe n’Ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe Ubushakashatsi (NISR), bugaragaza ko iki kibazo kitarakemuka kuko 90% by’abakozi batagira amasezerano y’akazi (%)
Bamwe mu bakora akazi muri ubu buryo bo mu bice bitandukanye by’igihugu baganira na ICK News bavuze ko iki kibazo gikomeje kubahangayikisha kuko baba badafite umutekano ku kazi bakora buri munsi.
Murekatete Solange wigeze gukora akazi nk’ako, avuga ko yigeze kwirukanwa mu buryo budasobanutse, ndetse anamburwa amafaranga yari yarakoreye, ariko abura aho abariza.
Ati: “Hari umugabo nakoreraga. ukwezi kwa mbere gushyize ambwira ko yagize ibibazo ko azampemba mu kundi kwezi. Nako gushize atangira kunshakaho impamvu ahita anyirukana atampembye. Uwo nabibwiraga wese yambazaga icyangombwa cyerekana ko nakoreraga uwo muntu nkakibura.”
Akomeza avuga ko iyo aza kuba afite amasezerano, yari kurenganurwa cyangwa kubona ubutabera bitamugoye.
Mugisha Claude nawe ukora akazi kadafite amasezerano avuga ko nubwo we bitaramubaho, hari abo abona bigiraho ingaruka zikomeye.
Ati: “Iyo udafite amasezerano, ntabwo uba uri umukozi wemewe; ntuba wizeye umutekano w’akazi kawe kuko igihe icyaricyo cyose ushobora kwirukanwa. Uretse ibyo kandi ntuba uzi umushahara wawe uko ungana, kuko hari n’igihe bawugabanya uko bishakiye kandi ntaho wajya kubarega.”
Mugisha yongeraho ko kubura amasezerano bituma abakozi batabona ubwisungane mu kwivuza butangwa n’umukoresha, ntibagire uburenganzira ku kiruhuko, ndetse bikabangamira n’uburenganzira bwo kuzamurwa mu ntera nk’uko bigenda ku bandi bakozi.
Iki kibazo kigira ingaruka no ku rubyiruko rushaka kwinjira ku isoko ry’umurimo, nkuko Niyigena Venuste abisobanura. Ati: “Iyo bumvise amakuru y’uko abandi bafatwa nabi, bituma banga kwishyira mu kaga basaba akazi abikorera.”
Aha ni ho aba bakozi bahera basaba ko iki kibazo cyashakirwa umuti kuko akenshi usanga abo bantu badafite amasezerano y’akazi ari bo bakora imirimo ivunanye kurusha abandi, bityo bagasaba guhabwa agaciro no kubahwa mu kazi.
Agaruka kuri iki kibazo, Bwana William Buningwire, umuvugizi w’agateganyo mu rugaga rw’abikorera (PSF), yavuze ko bakizi kandi bari gukora ibishoboka byose kugira ngo gikemuke.
Yagize ati: “Turashishikariza ba nyir’ibikorwa kubahiriza amategeko y’umurimo no guha abakozi amasezerano, kuko buri mukozi wese afite uburenganzira. Ubukangurambaga tugenda dukora bugenda butanga umusaruro.”
Buningwire yongeraho ko hari gahunda yo kongera ubugenzuzi, amahugurwa y’abakoresha n’ubukangurambaga bubibutsa ko amasezerano atari ikibazo, ahubwo ari igisubizo cyubaka imikorere myiza n’umutekano mu kazi.
Ati: “Hari uburyo bwa ‘mediation’; ubwo buryo nibwo dukoresha kugira ngo duhuze umukozi n’umukoresha mu gihe habayeho kutumvikana, nko mu gihe habaye amafaranga umukozi aberewemo aho kugira ngo bahite bajya mu nkiko.”
Uretse ibi, uyu muyobozi aburira abikorera batubahiriza uburenganzira bw’umukozi ko Leta itazabihanganira kuko hari ibihano byashyizweho.
Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe na Minisiteri y’Abakozi ba Leta n’Umurimo (MIFOTRA) mu 2020 bugakorerwa mu bigo 4,150, bwagaragaje ko abakozi 38,757 batakaje akazi naho abagera ku 1,143 bagabanyirizwa umushahara.
Naho ubushakashatsi bwakozwe mu 2019 na NISR bwagaragaje ko abantu miliyoni 2,931,494 bakoraga mu mirimo itanditse. Muri bo, ibihumbi 214,199 bakoraga mu ngo (households), ibihumbi 238,264 bakoraga mu bigo bito, mu gihe abandi miliyoni 2,479,032 bakoraga mu buryo buzwi nka ‘informal employment within informal sector’.