Tariki ya 18 Ugushyingo 2024, Guverineri wa Banki Nkuru y’u Rwanda (BNR), John Rwangombwa yatangarije Inteko Ishinga Amategeko ko mu mwaka wa 2023/2024 ifaranga ry’u Rwanda ryataye agaciro ku kigero cya 16.3%, ikigero kitari cyarigeze kibaho mu mateka y’u Rwanda.
Guverineri Rwangombwa avuga ko gutakaza agaciro kw’ifaranga ry’u Rwanda ubusanzwe byari kuri 5%, gusa ko kubera ingaruka za Covid-19 zitararangira, iziterwa n’intambara ziri hirya no hino n’imihindagurikire y’ibihe iteza abahinzi kubura umusaruro “gusubiza ubukungu aho bwahoze mbere ya 2019 byaragoranye” ari nayo ntandaro yo gutakaza agaciro ku ifaranga ry’igihugu ku kigero cya 16%.
Ibi kandi biza byiyongera ku mpamvu ikomeye yo kuba u Rwanda rugura ibintu byinshi hanze kurusha ibyo rwoherezayo.
Mu myaka 22 ishize, 1$ ryavunjwaga 320Frw, gusa kuri ubu 1$ rivunjwa hafi 1400frw, ibigaragaza itakaza agaciro rikabije ry’ifaranga ry’u Rwanda.
Impamvu zishobora kuba ziri inyuma y’itakaza agaciro k’ifaranga ry’u Rwanda
Mu kiganiro na ICK News, Padiri Dr. Jean Marie Vianney Samarwa, Umuyobozi wungirije ushinzwe Imari n’Ubutegetsi muri ICK, akaba n’impuguke mu bukungu kuko afite impamyabumenyi y’icyiciro cya gatatu cya Kaminuza mu bukungu, agaragaza impamvu zishobora kuba zifite uruhare mu itakaza agaciro ry’ifaranga ry’u Rwanda.
1.Ibyoherezwa mu mahanga: Padiri Dr. Samarwa avuga ko mu gihe igihugu cyohereza hanze ibicuruzwa bike ugereranyije n’ibyo gitumiza, bituma ifaranga ry’igihugu rita agaciro kuko amadovize yinjira ari make. Ati “Urugero, niba amadorali ari make mu gihugu, kuyabona biba bigoye ku buryo usanga umuntu asabwa gutanga amafaranga menshi kugira ngo abone idorali.”
2.Kwishyurana mu mafaranga y’amanyamahanga: Padiri Dr. Samarwa avuga ko gukora amasezerano mu mafaranga atari ayo mu gihugu imbere bigira uruhare ku igabanuka ry’agaciro k’ifaranga ry’igihugu.
Yifashishije urugero ati “Mu gihe habayeho amasezerano yo kwishyurana mu mafaranga y’amahanga nk’amadorali, bituma iryo dorali rihenda kuko riba rishakishwa na benshi kandi bitari ngombwa.”
Padiri Dr. Samarwa akomeza avuga ko iyo ibyo bidafatiwe ingamba bituma abashoramari benshi bakora ibisa no guteganya uko ibihe bizaba bimeze mu minsi iri imbere bakurikije uko ubukungu buba bwifashe icyo gihe.
Nanone yifashishije urugero, yagize ati “Mu gihe ibyo igihugu kiri kohereza mu mahanga ari bike, umushoramari ashobora gutekereza ko ubukungu bw’igihugu bushobora kugwa mu minsi iri imbere bityo bagakora iryo teganya ku buryo bakora ayo masezerano mu mafaranga y’amahanga mu rwego rwo kugira ngo izo kontaro zizabe zifite agaciro kamwe no mu myaka iba iri imbere.”
Akomeza agira ati “Niba wakoze amasezerano ya miliyoni imwe uyu munsi kandi ifaranga riri guta agaciro ubibona, ni ukuvuga ko mu mezi 12 ari imbere ya miliyoni imwe izaba yahananutseho bitewe n’umuvuduko w’uko ifaranga rihagaze, ibyo rero bigatuma abantu bagira igishuko cyo gusinya amasezerano mu ifaranga ry’abanyamahanga kuko aho kugira ngo agaciro kayo kagabanuke ahubwo kiyongera.”
Niba uyu munsi wari ufite 1,000,0000Frw ivunja 1,000$, mu minsi iri imbere uba uzasanga yarabaye nka 1,500,000Frw.
Impungenge ziri mu gutakaza agaciro k’ifaranga ry’igihugu
1.Kunanirwa kwishyura inguzanyo: Banki Nkuru y’u Rwanda, ivuga ko mu mwaka wa 2023/2024, inguzanyo zitishyurwa neza mu ma banki zari kuri miliyari 267 Frw, bingana na 5% by’inguzanyo ziba zaratanzwe.
Mu kiganiro na ICK News, Gahamanyi Nelson uyobora Ishami rya Banki y’Abaturage mu Karere ka Muhanga yavuze ko iyo ifaranga ritakaje agaciro hari banki zishobora kongera inyungu z’amafaranga agomba kwishyurwa ku nguzanyo yafashwe ku buryo bishobora kubera umutwaro uwafashe inguzanyo.
Ati “Iyo tugiye guha umuntu inguzanyo, tureba cyane ku kigero itakazagaciro k’ifaranga ririho, kuko miliyari yo muri 2024, siyo miliyari yo muri 2030. Ubwo rero, iyo ifaranga ritakaje agaciro banki zizamura inyungu, kugira ngo amafaranga wamuhaye muri 2024 azagaruke 2030 afite inyungu maze akomeze kugira agaciro.”
Gusa, Gahamanyi avuga ko itakazagaciro k’ifaranga atari ryo ryonyine rituma inguzanyo zitishyurwa kuko hari abirengagiza kwishyura, abahomba cyangwa abakoresha inguzanyo icyo batazisabiye.
Ku bwa Gahamanyi, abafata inguzanyo bakwiye kuba bafite igenzura ry’amafaranga rikomeye ndetse no gukoresha inguzanyo mu bintu bibyara inyungu.
2.Gutakariza icyizere ifaranga ry’igihugu: Padiri Dr. Samarwa avuga ko iyo ifaranga ryataye agaciro, abantu baritakariza icyizere ku buryo izenguruka ry’ifaranga mu gihugu ritagenda neza kuko abantu baba bakora ibishoboka byose ngo birinde kurikoresha.
Ikindi ngo ni uko iyo ugiye ku isoko bigusaba gutwara umurundo w’amafaranga. Ati “Uretse ibyo kandi, n’amafaranga menshi ajya hanze kurusha uko akoreshwa imbere mu gihugu bigatuma ubukungu bukomeza kugwa hasi.”
Abakoresha bakwiye kongera imishahara?
Padiri Dr. Samarwa avuga ko mu gihe ifaranga ry’igihugu ryataye agaciro, abakoresha bagakwiye kongera imishahara y’abakozi babo gusa ko ibyo bigomba kubanzirizwa no kureba uko ubukungu bw’igihugu buhagaze.
Ati “Mu gihe ubukungu buhagaze neza, kongera 4% ku mushahara ntacyo byakwangiza, ariko niba ubukungu butifashe neza, ibyo bihita biteza itumbagira ry’ibiciro by’ibicuruzwa na servisi.”
Yifashishije urugero rwo muri ICK, yagize ati “Turamutse twongereye umushahara w’abakozi kubera igwa ry’ifaranga, byasaba ko n’amafaranga y’ishuri ku banyeshuri yiyongera. urumva babishobora? ko no kwishyura asanzwe bigora abatari bake.”
Ni ryari ubukungu bw’igihugu buba buhagaze neza?
Kubwa Padiri Dr. Samarwa, ubukungu bw’igihugu buba buri ku kigero cyiza iyo ibyo igihugu cyohereza mu mahanga ari byinshi kandi bifite agaciro kanini kuruta ibyo cyinjiza mu gihugu, cyangwa se cyohereza mu mahanga ibicuruzwa byamaze gutunganywa ku buryo bihita bicuruzwa nta handi binyuze.
Icyakora ku ruhande rw’u Rwanda, ahamya ko atari ko bihagaze kuko cyane ibyo u Rwanda rwohereza hanze byiganjemo ibikoresho fatizo (Raw Materials) kandi bitagira agaciro kanini ku isoko mpuzamahanga.
Hakorwe iki?
Padiri Dr. Samarwa avuga ko Banki nkuru y’Igihugu ifite mu nshingano kurinda ifaranga ry’igihugu no gukurikirana ikoreshwa ry’ifaranga mu gihugu kugira ngo ubukungu buhore buhagaze neza. Ati “Mu gihe amafaranga abaye menshi ikayagabanya, yaba make nabwo ikayongera.”
Yongeyeho ko nko mu gihe amafaranga y’amanyamahanga yabuze mu gihugu, igihugu gishobora kuyaguza, kugira ngo aboneke ku isoko bityo abayakeneye bayabone adahenze mu rwego rwo kugabanya ko ifaranga ry’imbere mu gihugu rikomeza guta agaciro.
Ibyo ngo ariko bisaba ko Banki y’igihugu ishyiraho ingamba zikakaye kugira ngo amadovize atagera mu gihugu abacuruzi bakayigumanira kugira ngo bazayacuruze mu gihe yongeye kubura ku isoko.
Uwitwa Seth Kwizera ukuriye Ihuriro ry’Abashashakashatsi kuri Politike z’Ubukungu (EPRN) aganira na Televiziyo y’u Rwanda, nawe yahamije ko u Rwanda rukwiye kongera ubwiza bw’ibikorerwa imbere mu gihugu ndetse bikava mu magambo bigashyirwa mu bikorwa.
Yagize ati “Tugomba kongera ubwiza ndetse n’ubwinshi bw’ibyoherezwa mu mahanga, kuko inganda zirahari ndetse n’ikoranabuhanga rirahari, igisigaye n’ukubishyira mu ngiro.”
Banki Nkuru y’u Rwanda BNR, igaragaza ko Ifaranga ry’u Rwanda ryatakaje agaciro imbere y’idorari rya Amerika ku kigero cya 16.3% mu mwaka w’Ingengo y’Imari wa 2023/2024.
Mu mwaka usanzwe utari uw’ingengo w’Imari, muri 2023 ifaranga ry’u Rwanda ryari ryatakaje agaciro ku kigero cya 18% mu gihe uyu mwaka wa 2024 ngo bigaragara ko rizatakaza agaciro ku kigero cy’9%.