Nk’uko raporo y’Ikigo cy’Umuryango w’Abibumbye gishinzwe kurwanya ibyaha n’ibiyobyabwenge (UNODC) ibigaragaza, mu mwaka wa 2021 hafashwe ibiro 41 by’ikiyobyabwenge cya cocaine. Ni umubare wiyongereye cyane ugera ku biro 1,466 mu mwaka wakurikiyeho wa 2023, izamuka rya 3,476%.
Nubwo ntagipimo gihari kigaragaza ishusho yicuruzwa ry’ibiyobyabwenge mu mwaka wa 2023 mu gihugu cya Mauritania, nibura toni 2.3 by’ikiyobyabwenge cya cocaine byari bimaze gufatwa muri icyo gihugu kugeza muri Kamena muri uwo mwaka, kandi ibiyobyabwenge byakomeje kwiyongera kugeza uwo mwaka urangiye.
Muri Mata 2024, abategetsi ba Senegali bafashe toni zirenga imwe za Cocaine zifite agaciro ka miliyoni 150 z’amadolari y’Amerika mu gikamyo cyerekezaga muri Mali, iryo ryari ifatwa rya cocaine nyinshi mu mateka yicyo gihugu.
Abacuruzi b’ibiyobyabwenge bo muri Amerika y’Epfo, akenshi banyuza ibicuruzwa byabo muri Afurika y’Iburengerazuba babijyanye mu gice cya Sahel, ahantu hafite amateka yuko ariho hanyuzwa ibiyobyabwenge byerekeza i Burayi.
Umubare w’ibiyobyabwenge byafashwe siwo mubare w’ibyacurujwe, kandi imiterere itazwi y’ibiyobyabwenga ituma bigorana kumenya neza umubare w’ibintu bitemewe, nk’urumogi binyura muri aka gace. Ariko kandi, ubwiyongere bw’ifatwa ryabyo bwerekana ko ibiyobyabwenge byinshi bigenda byinjira muri Afurika y’Iburengerazuba na Sahel.
Ikoreshwa ry’ibiyobyabwenge muri utwo turere naryo riragenda ryiyongera mu gihe imiyoboro inyuzwamo ibyo biyobyabwenge ininjira mu masoko yaho, nk’uko byatangajwe na Lucia Bird, umuyobozi w’Ikigo gishinzwe Gukurikirana ubucuruzi butemewe muri Afurika y’Iburengerazuba.
Abasesenguzi bahangayikishijwe n’uruhare rushobora kuba ruterwa n’imitwe y’inyeshyamba n’udutsiko tw’iterabwoba ifitanye isano na al-Qaida n’umutwe wa Islamic state (IS) mu bucuruzi bw’ibiyobyabwenge bitemewe kuri uyu mugabane.
Imitwe y’iterabwoba nka Boko Haram na Jama’at Nusrat al-Islam wal-Muslimin ufitanye isano na al-Qaida, igenzura igice kinini cy’ubutaka bwa Sahel. Rimwe na rimwe barwanira kwaguka no kuyobora iki gice, bityo, bagaharanira inyungu mu bijyanye no gucuruza ibiyobyabwenge, nkuko Atlantic Council ibigarukaho.
Raporo ya UNODC yo muri Mata 2024, yasanze icuruzwa ry’ibiyobyabwenge rikomeje guha umutungo w’amafaranga imitwe y’inyeshyamba zo muri Sahel, harimo n’imitwe y’inyeshyamba yo mu majyaruguru ya Mali.
De Andrés yatangarije urubuga rwa UNDOC, ati: “Igihe cyo gufata ingamba zihamye zo guca integer ubucuruzi by’ibiyobyabwenge kirageze ngo dushimangire amategeko ndetse no kuzamura ubufatanye mpuzamahanga ku nzego z’ubushinjacyaha.”
UNODC ivuga ko ruswa no kunyereza amafaranga bituma icuruzwa ry’ibiyobyabwenge ryiyongera. Abanyapolitiki, abayobozi b’inzego zibanze ndetse n’abayobozi b’imitwe yitwaje intwaro batungwa agatoki nkaborohereza ubucuruzi bw’ibiyobyabwenge muri aka gace ka Sahel.
Leonardo Santos Simão, uhagarariye umunyamabanga mukuru wa Leta zunze ubumwe za Amerika muri Afurika y’Iburengerazuba, yagize ati: “Ibihugu byo mu karere ka Sahel , hamwe n’umuryango mpuzamahanga , bigomba gufata ingamba zihutirwa, zihuriweho, kandi zuzuye kugira ngo uyu muyoboro w’icuruzwa ry’ibiybyabwenge uhagarare.” Sahel kuri ubu iri mu duce ducururizwamo ibiyobyabwenge byinshi ku Isi, ni agace gahereye munsi y’ubutayu bwa Sahara, uhereye ku nyanja ya Atalantika muri Mauritania na Senegali ukagera ku nyanja Itukura unyuze muri Eritrea. Ibihugu bibarizwa muri aka gaca bigizwe na Senegal,Mauritania, Mali, Burkina Faso, Niger, Nigeria, Chad , igice gito cy’amajyaruguru y’ Algeria