Mu myaka y’1990 kugeza muri 2000, Igihugu cy’u Bushinwa cyagize izamuka rikomeye ry’ubukungu ryatumye gikenera kongera ingano y’ibyo gitumiza mu mahanga.
Mubyo ubushinwa bwatumizaga muri Afurika, harimo amavuta y’ibikomoka kuri peteroli.
Ibi byatumye iki gihugu gitangiza uburyo bushya bwo gutera inkunga ibikorwa by’iterambere ku mugabane wa Afurika, aho u Bushinwa bwashoraga imari mu bikorwa remezo mu bihugu bya Afurika maze bukishyurwa binyuze mu kubona amabuye y’agaciro, amavuta y’ibikomoka kuri peteroli n’ibindi bikenerwa.
Ubu buryo bwaje kwitwa “Angola model”, kuko bwatangiriye ku bufatanye bwo muri 2004 hagati y’u Bushinwa na Angola, aho u Bushinwa bwateye inkunga ibikorwa remezo byaho mu kubaka ibikorwaremezo no gucukura peteroli.
Nubwo ubushinwa na Angola byakoranye muri ubwo buryo mu myaka 25 ishize, ubu iyi gahunda irimo kugenda biguru ntege, kubera ko Ubushinwa busigaye bugura amavuta make avuye muri Angola n’ibindi bihugu bya Afurika ahubwo iki gihugu kikaba cyarahisemo kugura amavuta aturutse mu gihugu cy’Uburisiya, mu nyanja ya Perisi no ku mugabane wa Aziya.
Nk’uko Kaminuza ya Boston ibitangaza, hagati ya 2019 na 2023, umusaruro wa peteroli ya Angola wagabanutseho 22%, uva ku tugunguru miliyoni 1.42 ku munsi ugera ku tugunguru miliyoni 1.1 ku munsi.
Kugabanuka kw’ubu bucuruzi aha biri gusunikira Angola mu bibazo byo kunoza uburyo bwo kwishyura umwenda ifitiye u Bushinwa.
Amakuru atangazwa na Africa Defense Magazine (ADF) avuga ko igihugu cya Angola gikomeje kujya mukangaratete kuko, uko Ubushinwa bugura amavuta make aturuka muri iki gihugu ariko bikomeza kukibera ikibazo cy’ingutu.
Nk’uko abashakashatsi ba Carnegie Endowment for International Peace babivuga, ngo uku guhagarika kugura amavuta aturuka muri Afurika ahanini Ubushinwa bwabitewe n’uko ibihugu bya Afurika byinshi bidasobanukiwe ndetse bitanashora amafaranga ahagije mu bikomoka ku bihingwa, aho amavuta menshi aturuka ibyo bigatuma abacuruzi b’amavuta muri Afurika, barimo Angola, badashobora guhora bizewe ku isoko nk’abohereza amavuta ku rwego mpuzamahanga.
Nubwo Ubushinwa aribwo bukihariye isoko rinini rya Angola n’ibindi bihugu bya Afurika yose, iyi mpinduka bwakoze igaragaza ko umubano wayo n’Ibihugu bya Afurika utaragera ku kigero cyo kwizerwa.
Muri raporo nshya yakozwe na Carnegie Endowment for International Peace igaruka ku mubano w’Ubushinwa na Afurika igaragaza ko uburyo umubano wabo uhagaze kuri ubu utangaje kuko muri 2010, Angola yakurikiraga Saudi Arabia nk’umucuruzi wa kabiri w’amavuta wu Bushinwa, gusa mu mwaka wa 2023, Angola yageze ku mwanya wa munani kuko hagati ya 2019 na 2023, ibyoherezwa mu Bushinwa n’Angola byagabanutseho 20%.
Kuva mu 2002, Angola imaze kugurizwa n’u Bushinwa amafaranga arenga miliyari 45 z’amadorali ya Amerika, aho igice kinini cyayo mafarnga cyashowe mu rwego rw’ingufu.
Ikigo mpuzamahanga gishinzwe gutanga amanota ku nguzanyo, S&P Global, kigaragaza ko kugeza ubu, Angola igifitiye amadeni abaguzi b’Abashinwa agera kuri miliyari 17 z’amadorali y’Amerika, aho inguzanyo z’u Bushinwa zigize hafi 40% by’umwenda wose wa Angola ifitiye amahanga.
Ni mu gihe kandi kwishyura amadeni bitwara hafi kimwe cya kabiri cy’ingengo y’imari yiki gihugu buri mwaka, bigatuma kiba kimwe mu bihugu bya Afurika biri mu byugarijwe cyane n’ibibazo by’imyenda bifitiye ibihugu by’amahanga.
Mu 2020, Angola yari yahawe igihe kingana n’imyaka itatu kuba yarangije kwishyura uwo mwenda gusa iyo myaka yarangiye mu 2023, Angola itabashije kwishyura bitewe n’uko ubukungu bw’icyo gihugu butari bwifashe neza birangira itegetswe kwishyura inyungu kuri iryo deni.
Kugeza ubu amafaranga Angola irimo Ubushinwa angana na miliyari $10.1.