Mu gihe isi ikomeje guhinduka cyane, aho ubukungu, umutekano, n’imibanire mpuzamahanga bisaba guhora uri aho bibera, bamwe mu bayobozi b’ibihugu batangiye kumenyekana nk’“abasare b’indege” kuko bakora ingendo mpuzamahanga buri kwezi, rimwe na rimwe buri cyumweru.

Umwe mu bagaragara henshi ku Isi ni Minisitiri w’Intebe w’u Buhinde, Narendra Modi. Iyo agaragaye kuri televiziyo, aba ari aho bitari ejo.

Icyakora, si Modi gusa. Perezida wa Kenya, William Ruto, amaze gukora ingendo zirenga 60 kuva yajya ku butegetsi. Perezida wa Ukraine, Volodymyr Zelenskyy, yahindutse nk’umushoramari uhora ashaka abafatanyabikorwa. Emmanuel Macron w’u Bufaransa na Recep Tayyip Erdoğan wa Turukiya nabo ni uko.

Iyi nkuru igaragaza byimbitse ibihugu bine bifite abategetsi bari ku butegetsi bamaze gukora ingendo nyinshi cyane mu gihe gito.

Ibibazo benshi bakunze kwibaza kuri izi ngendo ni; ese izi ngendo ni inzira z’iterambere, ni ubukangurambaga, cyangwa ni dipolomasi yo kwigaragaza?

1. Narendra Modi – Minisitiri w’Intebe w’u Buhinde

Narendra Modi amaze imyaka irenga icumi ayobora igihugu cya mbere gifite abaturage benshi ku isi.

Uko umubyeyi ufite abana benshi ahora ahangayikiye gushaka ikibatunga, ni nako uko imyaka ihita indi igataha, umubare w’ingendo Modi akora hanze y’igihugu wiyongera.

Mu mwaka wa 2024 wonyine, Modi yakoze ingendo zigera ku 15 mu bihugu bitandukanye. Izo ngendo zirimo izo mu Majyepfo y’u Buhinde, u Burayi, Aziya y’Amajyepfo, ndetse n’i Burengerazuba.

Nko muri Gashyantare 2024, yakoze ingendo ebyiri aho hagati ya tariki 13-14 yagiye Abu Dhabi mu birori byo gutaha urusengero runini rwa BAPS Hindu Mandir no kuganira ku bucuruzi n’abayobozi bo muri Leta zunze ubumwe z’Abarabu.

Muri uko kwezi hagati ya tariki ya 14-15, Modi yagiriye uruzinduko i Doha muri Qatar, aho yari

Ku matariki ya 22-23 Werurwe 2024, nabwo Modi yagiye muri Bhutan mu birori byo kwakira igihembo cy’ikirenga, cyiswe Order of the Druk Gyalpo.

Nta kindi gihugu cya Aziya cyohereza Minisitiri w’Intebe wacyo kenshi mu ngendo nk’u Buhinde.

Bivugwa ko uretse gukurura ishoramari, Modi akoresha izi ngendo nk’uburyo bwo gutegura imishinga y’ubufatanye mu bya siyansi, ingufu n’ikoranabuhanga. Muri make aba yagiye gushabikira abaturage b’igihugu cye.

Icyakora, bamwe mu batavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi bavuga ko izo ngendo ziba zitishyurwa n’ibihugu asura, ahubwo zishyurwa n’abaturage b’Abahinde — kandi zidatanga umusaruro uhita ugaragara. Hari n’abavuga ko umubano w’ibihugu awushyira ku isura ye bwite aho kuba ku nyungu rusange za politiki z’igihugu.

Modi we abisobanura nk’uburyo bwo kuzamura isura y’u Buhinde nk’igihugu cy’icyitegererezo mu Majyepfo y’isi.

2. Emmanuel Macron – Perezida w’u Bufaransa

Mu kiganiro yatangiye i Roma muri Mutarama 2025, Emmanuel Macron yagize ati “Ububanyi n’amahanga ni nk’inkweto z’akazi – ubikoresha buri munsi.”

Emmanuel Macron yagiye ku butegetsi mu 2017, ahita amenyekana nk’umuyobozi ushyira imbere isura ya diplomasi ikomeye, irimo ubunyamuryango mu Muryango w’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi (EU), NATO n’uruhare mu migenderanire y’ibihugu bikize n’ibikiri mu nzira y’amajyambere.

Mu mwaka wa 2024 wonyine, Macron yakoze ingendo zibarirwa hejuru ya 20 mu bihugu birimo: Ukraine, Algeria, Senegal, Côte d’Ivoire, Misiri, Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, Ubwami bw’u Bwongereza n’ahandi.

Macron asobanura ko u Bufaransa bukwiye kuba “ingobyi ya politiki yo mu Burayi”, aho buri kibazo cy’Isi kigomba kurebwa binyuze mu maso y’u Burayi, atari Amerika yonyine.

Abatavuga rumwe na we bavuga ko yakabije gukoresha ububasha bw’ibiro bye mu rwego rwa dipolomasi aho bimwe mu byemezo bidacishwa mu Nteko Ishinga Amategeko.

N’ubwo agerageza kwerekana ko ari umuhuza, hari aho ahura n’ingorane, nko mu mibanire y’u Bufaransa na bimwe mu bihugu byo mu Burengerazuba bwa Afurika no mu gace ka Sahel aho ingabo z’u Bufaransa zigeze kwirukanwa (nko muri Niger).

3. William Ruto – Perezida wa Kenya

Ubwo yaganiraga n’Abanya-Kenya baba mu mahanga, Perezida William Ruto yagize ati “Ntabwo ndi umuturage usura ibihugu nk’undi wese, ndi umuyobozi ushakisha amahirwe y’igihugu cye.”

Mu gihe gito amaze ku butegetsi, Ruto watorewe kuba Perezida wa Kenya muri 2022, yakoze ingendo zirenga 62 mu bihugu 38, ahita yitwa n’itangazamakuru nka “President on the move.”

Bimwe mu bihugu yasuye muri 2024 yonyine birimo Leta Zunze ubumwe za Amerika, Ubuyapani, Saudi Arabia, Leta zunze Ubumwe z’Abarabu, Congo, Ethiopia, Uganda, Sudani y’Epfo n’ibindi.

Ruto akoresha izi ngendo nk’uburyo bwo gushaka ishoramari, ubufatanye, no kuzamura ijwi rya Kenya ku rwego mpuzamahanga.

Nibwo bimeze gutya ariko, hari bamwe mu baturage ba Kenya batangiye kubaza niba izi ngendo ziri mu nyungu rusange, cyane ko ibiciro ku isoko byazamutse, ibibazo by’amazi, ubukene n’imyenda bigikomeje. Abandi bavuga ko atari ngombwa ko Perezida yikorera izo gahunda, kandi afite abaminisitiri bashinzwe ububanyi n’amahanga cyane ko ingendo z’abaperezida zitwara amafaranga menshi.

4. Volodymyr Zelenskyy – Perezida wa Ukraine

Zelenskyy amaze imyaka irenga itatu arwana ku buyobozi mu gihe igihugu cye kiri mu ntambara aho gihanganye n’u Burusiya.

Ibi byamuhinduye umuyobozi ukunze kugaragara mu nama zose z’Isi, yambaye imyenda itari amakote nk’uko bimenyerewe ku bayobozi b’ibihugu.

Muri izi nama, aba asaba inkunga n’ubufasha bwo kurinda ubusugire bw’igihugu.

Ingendo ze z’ingenzi muri 2024 zirimo izo yakoreye muri Leta zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, Vatikani, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, u Budage, u Bwongereza, u Bufaransa, u Butaliyani n’ahandi.

Zelenskyy asobanura ko intambara atari iy’amasasu gusa, ahubwo ko ari n’iy’ijwi.

Iyo atari mu gihugu, aba ari aho inkunga ishobora guturuka. Ariko hari abavuga ko yarenze ku rugero.

Urebye mu buryo butagutse ushobora kubona izi ngendo ari nke, gusa mu buryo bw’amikoro ni ingendo nyinshi ku buryo igihugu kitifashije kitakwigondera izi ngendo.

Urugendo rwa Perezida w’igihugu, by’umwihariko iyo ari urwa kure, ntirureba gusa ibijyanye n’itike n’icumbi, ahubwo ruba rukubiyemo ibijyanye n’umutekano, abarinzi, itsinda ry’abajyanama n’abayobozi b’inzego zinyuranye, amafaranga y’ubukode bw’ahantu ho gucumbika, kugura no gukodesha imodoka z’umutekano (konvoi), serivisi z’itangazamakuru n’ibindi.

Nk’urugero, urugendo rwa Perezida William Ruto mu Burayi muri Mata 2024 bivugwa ko rwatwaye hafi ibihumbi 740,000 by’amadorali ya Amerika, arenga Miliyari y’Amafaranga y’u Rwanda. Ni mu gihe Minisitiri w’Ububanyi n’amahanga wa Kenya yagize ingendo ebyiri muri ayo mahanga mu mwaka ushize zitarenze hamwe ibihumbi 140,000 zose hamwe.

Abasesenguzi bagaragaza ko iyo ingendo zateguwe neza, zishobora gutanga umusaruro munini kurusha ayo zakoresheje—nko mu masezerano y’ishoramari, imfashanyo, n’ubufatanye mu by’ingufu n’ikoranabuhanga. Ariko iyo bigarukiye ku mafoto no ku ijambo rusange ry’ikaze, abaturage baba barishyuye ikiguzi cy’urugendo nta nyungu ifatika yabonetse.