Tariki 4 Nyakanya 1994 kugeza tariki 4 Nyakanga 2024, Imyaka 30 irashize u Rwanda rwibohoye nyuma y’uko Ingabo zari iza RPA zihagaritse Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994.

Nk’uko bigarukwaho na benshi, ibirori byo kwizihiza umunsi mukuru wo Kwibohora, ‘tariki 4 Nyakanga’ bigamije gushimira ubutwari bw’abasore n’inkumi baretse imiryango yabo bagatangira urugamba rwo kubohora igihugu ndetse bamwe bakahasiga ubuzima.

Aho u Rwanda rwavuye  

Ntabwo byari byoroshye kongera gusana igihugu n’Abanyarwanda ny’uma y’icuraburindi igihugu cyari kimaze kunyuramo kubera Jenoside yasize Abatutsi barenga miliyoni bishwe.

Jenoside ikirangira, guverinoma yari yarabuze uko ikemura ikibazo cy’imibereho y’abaturage bari barabaswe n’ihungabana. Mu kugikemura, yashyizeho politiki zigamije ubutabera, ubumwe n’ubwiyunge.

Nyuma ya Jenoside habayeho ubutabera ku bari bararokotse Jenoside hashyirwaho Inkiko Gacaca kugira ngo abakoze Jenoside babihanirwe, ndetse abasabye imbabazi barazihawe bagabanyirizwa ibihano kugira ngo Abanyarwanda batangire urugendo rumwe rushingiye ku bumwe bw’Abanyarwanda.

Nk’uko bitangazwa na Boniface Rucagu, wahoze ari umuyobozi w’Itorero ry’Igihugu ubu akaba ari mu bagize Itsinda ry’abagize Urubuga Ngishwanama rw’Inararibonye z’u Rwanda, kwibohora kuri we bisobanuye kwikura mu bibi by’amacakubiri, byari byarashenye ubumwe bw’Abanyarwanda.

Ati “Bivuze kandi kwirinda ingengabitekerezo ya Jenoside n’izindi ngengabitekerezo mbi, ahubwo tugashyira imbere urugamba rwo kurwanya ingengabitekerezo ya Jenoside no kubaka umuco w’amahoro n’umutekano, ndetse n’iterambere rirambye.”

Nyuma ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994, abasirikare n’abakozi bagera ku 20,000 b’ingabo zari iza Ex-FAR bashyizwe mu ngabo z’igihugu kandi impunzi zirenga miliyoni 3.5 zaratashye, zisubizwa mu byazo kandi zongera kwinjizwa mu mibereho myiza, nk’uko raporo ya 2016 y’ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe Ubumwe n’Ubwiyunge ibyerekana.

Brig Gen Ronald Rwivanga, Umuvugizi w’ingabo z’u Rwanda atangaza ko urugendo rwari rwiza cyane, aho bashinze inzego za politiki, ubukungu n’imibereho myiza kuva ku busa. Bavuga ko bageze ku bikorwa bifatika mu myaka 30 ishize.

Ibikorwa byagezweho byerekana ko igihugu cyashoboye gutsinda politiki y’amacakubiri, gishyiraho urufatiro rwo kubaka i gihugu kitagendera ku moko. Brig. Gen Rwivanga avuga ko intsinzi y’ingenzi muri politiki ari uko amashyaka yinjijwe muri politiki y’igihugu, biturutse ku masezerano y’amahoro y’arusha.

Rita Umuhoza Sandrine warangije amashuri muri Kaminuza y’u Rwanda asanga kwibohora ari ubutwari n’umurava byagizwe n’urubyiruko rwanze kureberera Jenoside iba bakayihagarika.

Bimwe mu byagezweho

U Rwanda rwageze kuri byinshi bitewe no gushyira hamwe hatagendeye ku moko. Ibi byatumye rugira iterambere ryihuse, ubu rukaba rubarirwa mu bihugu bikomeje gutera imbere nkuko bigaragazwa na raporo zitandukanye mu nzego zitanyuranye:

Ubukungu

Mu mwaka wa 2000, hashyizweho gahunda y’iterambere rirambye mu bukungu ‘Vision 2020.’ Ni gahunda yari igamije guhindura u Rwanda rukaba igihugu gifite ubukungu buringaniye, bushingiye ku ishoramari ry’abikorera, ku bumenyi, kandi busaranganyije bitarenze muri 2020.

Ni gahunda yari ikenewe kugira ngo u Rwanda ruzamure umusaruro mbumbe (GDP per capita), aho amafaranga umuturage yinjiza ku mwaka yavuye madorari 200 ku mwaka muri 2000 agera ku madorari 1,000 ku mwaka uyu munsi. Ibi ni ibitangazwa na Banki y’Isi.

Ubukungu bwazamutseho 8.2% bugera kuri tiliyoni 16.3 mu mpera za 2023.

Ubu bwiyongere bw’ibipimo by’ubukungu bwaturutse ahanini mu kuzamuka kwa serivisi, inganda n’ubuhinzi, ubwikorezi, ubukerarugendo, ikoranabuhanga n’imari.

Mu mwaka wa 2023 gusa, u Rwanda rwabonye ishoramari rifite agaciro ka miliyari $2.4, bikaba bihwanye n’izamuka rya 50% ugereranyije n’umwaka wabanje nk’uko byatangajwe n’Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Iterambere (RDB). Iri shoramari ritanga imirimo isaga 40,000, bigaragaza ko u Rwanda rukomeje kwiyubaka nk’igihugu gikurura abashoramari mu karere.

Uretse ibi kandi, mbere ya 1994, iyoherezwa mu mahanga ry’amabuye y’agaciro ryari ku gaciro ka miliyoni 2.5$. Mu mwaka wa 2023, icyo giciro cyazamutse kigera kuri miliyari 1.1$.

Uburezi

Mu 1994, abanyarwanda bagera ku 2,870 nibo bari bafite impamyabumenyi za kaminuza. Uwo mubare wariyongereye cyane ugera ku 431,606 mu mwaka wa 2022. Uku kwiyongera gukomeye mu burezi ni gihamya y’ubushake bw’u Rwanda bwo gushora imari mu gufasha abaturage babo.

Imihanda

Mu 1993, u Rwanda rwari rufite ibirometero 530 by’imihanda ya kaburimbo, gusa uyu munsi, u Rwanda rufite ibirometero ibihumbi 2,652.

Ubuvuzi kuri bose

Mu 1994, abanyarwanda bangana na 2.6% gusa ni bo bari bafite ubwishingizi bw’ubuzima. Uyu munsi abanyarwanda bafite ubwisungane mu kwivuza bari ku gipimo cya 97.3%.

Amavugurura mu bukode bw’ubutaka

Mbere ya 1994, kumenya ufite ubutaka mu Rwanda byari ikibazo gikomeye kandi giteje urujijo, gusa muri uyu mwaka wa 2024, ibyangombwa by’ubutaka birenga miliyoni 11.7 byaratanzwe.

Nk’uko bitangazwa na Kigali Today, iri zamuka ry’u Rwanda risanishwa n’izamuka ry’Ubuyapani nyuma y’akaga bwahuye nabwo mu Ntambara ya kabiri y’Isi yose.