Ubumenyi bwo kumenya gusoma no kwandika, ni ubushobozi bw’ibanze butuma abantu bashobora kugira uruhare rw’ingirakamaro muri sosiyete no kubafasha kwiteza imbere binyuze mu mahirwe ahari ajyanye n’ubukungu.
Mu bihugu bitandukanye, hari ahashyizwe imbaraga mu rwego rwo kuzamura ubumenyi ariko hari n’ahandi ibi bitaragerwaho bityo bikaba imbogamizi ku gutera imbere kw’ibyo bihugu.
Mu bice byinshi by’isi, politiki z’uburezi bw’ubuntu zabaye ingenzi mu kuzamura urwego rw’ubumenyi.
Ibihugu byateye imbere, bifite sisitemu z’uburezi zikomeye, usanga byishimira ibipimo by’ubumenyi mu bantu bakuru kuko biri hejuru ya 90%.
Ibyo bigaterwa n’uko abantu bose babona amahirwe yo kwiga, bakabona ibikoresho ndetse n’ibikorwa by’ikoranabuhanga bigezweho bibafasha kwiga neza.
Nk’uko bitangazwa n’ikinyamakuru ‘Business Insider Africa’, umubare w’abatazi gusoma no kwandika ukomeje gutandukana cyane mu duce no mu bihugu bitandukanye, ibyo bikagaragaza itandukaniro riri hagati yo kubona uburezi, ibikorwaremezo by’uburezi, ndetse n’ibindi nkenerwa mu gutanga uburezi.
Ubushakashatsi bugaragara kuri Statista, bwerekana ko hagati ya 2018 na 2022, Seychelles yaje ku isonga muri Afurika mu kugira umubare w’abantu bakuru bazi gusoma no kwandika, aho nibura abantu bagera kuri 96% bashoboraga gusoma no kwandika.
São Tomé et Príncipe bari kukigero cya 94%, naho Namibie iri ku mwanya wa gatatu ku kigero cya 92% by’abantu bajijutse.
Nk’uko Statista ikomeza ibivuga, ku mugabane wa Afurika, impuzandengo yo gusoma no kwandika yari hafi 67%, Afurika y’Epfo ikaba iyoboye ibindi bihugu mu kugira umubare w’abantu muri rusange bazi gusoma no kwandika.
Ku rundi ruhande, ibihugu bimwe na bimwe bya Afurika biracyafite imbogamizi mu rwego rw’ubumenyi, kuko usanga umubare w’abatazi gusoma no kwandika hari aho uri munsi ya 50%, cyane cyane mu bihugu bihanganye n’ubukene, ndetse n’amakimbirane.
Ibihugu nka Niger, Chad, na Burkina Faso biri mu bihugu bifite umubare munini w’abantu bakuru bari ku rwego rwo hasi mu bumenyi bujyanye no gusoma no kwandika, kuko buri ku mpuzandengo ya 30%.
Muri Chad, abantu bakuru bafite ubumenyi bwo kwandika no gusoma bangana na 27.28%, Mali ifite 30.76 by’abantu bakuru bafite ubwo bumenyi, Burkina Faso igakurikiraho n’abantu 34.49%, Sudan Y’epfo ifite 34.52% mu gihe Repubulika ya Santarafurika ifite 37.49% by’abantu bakuru bafite ubumenyi bwo gusoma no kwandika.
